What You Need to Know About Engineered Septic Systems

If you are planning to build a new home or upgrade an existing septic system, you may have come across the term 'engineered septic system'. This article will provide you with a comprehensive guide on what an engineered septic system is, how it works, and why it may be a better option for your property.

Table of Contents

1. What is an Engineered Septic System?
2. How Does an Engineered Septic System Work?
3. Types of Engineered Septic Systems
   • Mound System
   • Sand Filter System
   • Aerobic Treatment Unit (ATU)
   • Peat Filter System
   • Recirculating Sand Filter System
4. Benefits of an Engineered Septic System
5. Factors to Consider Before Installing an Engineered Septic System
6. Maintenance Requirements for Engineered Septic Systems
7. Common Misconceptions About Engineered Septic Systems
8. Cost Comparison: Engineered vs. Conventional Septic Systems
9. Choosing the Right Septic System for Your Property
10. Conclusion
11. FAQs
    • Are engineered septic systems more expensive than conventional septic systems?
    • Do engineered septic systems require more maintenance than conventional septic systems?
    • Can I install an engineered septic system on any property?
    • How long does an engineered septic system last?
    • Are engineered septic systems better for the environment?

1. What is an Engineered Septic System?

An engineered septic system is a type of septic system that uses a combination of natural and artificial treatment methods to treat wastewater. Unlike conventional septic systems, which rely on gravity and soil absorption for treatment, engineered septic systems use various mechanical and biological components to break down and treat wastewater before it is discharged into the environment.

2. How Does an Engineered Septic System Work?

An engineered septic system consists of a series of components that work together to treat wastewater. The components typically include a septic tank, a pump chamber, a treatment unit, and a drain field or discharge area.

When wastewater enters the septic tank, solid particles settle to the bottom, and oils and grease rise to the top. The clarified liquid in the middle layer then flows into the pump chamber, where it is pumped to the treatment unit. Depending on the type of treatment unit used, the wastewater may undergo various treatment processes, such as filtration, aeration, and disinfection.

After the wastewater is treated, it is discharged into a drain field or a discharge area, where it percolates through the soil and is further treated by natural processes. Some engineered septic systems may also recycle treated wastewater for irrigation or other non-potable uses.

3. Types of Engineered Septic Systems

There are several types of engineered septic systems, each with its own unique design and treatment processes. The most common types of engineered septic systems include:

Mound System

A mound system is a type of engineered septic system that is designed for properties with poor soil drainage or a high water table. The system consists of a raised mound of soil, sand, or other absorbent material, which is placed above the natural soil surface. Wastewater is treated and then pumped to the mound, where it percolates through the absorbent material and is further treated by natural processes.

Sand Filter System

A sand filter system is a type of engineered septic system that uses a layer of sand and gravel to filter and treat wastewater. The system consists of a septic tank, a pump chamber, and a sand filter bed. Wastewater is pumped from the septic tank to the sand filter bed, where it is treated and filtered by the sand and gravel. The treated water is then discharged into a drain field or discharge area.

Aerobic Treatment Unit (ATU)

An aerobic treatment unit is a type of engineered septic system that uses aeration and other treatment processes to break down and treat wastewater. The system consists of a sealed tank or chamber, which is equipped with a pump and an aeration system. The aeration system provides oxygen to the wastewater, which promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria that break down and treat the wastewater. After treatment, the wastewater is discharged into a drain field or discharge area.

Peat Filter System

A peat filter system is a type of engineered septic system that uses a layer of peat moss to filter and treat wastewater. The system consists of a septic tank, a pump chamber, and a peat moss filter bed. Wastewater is pumped from the septic tank to the peat moss filter bed, where it is treated and filtered by the peat moss. The treated water is then discharged into a drain field or discharge area.

Recirculating Sand Filter System

A recirculating sand filter system is a type of engineered septic system that uses a series of sand filters to treat and filter wastewater. The system consists of a septic tank, a pump chamber, and a series of sand filters. Wastewater is pumped from the septic tank to the first sand filter, where it is treated and filtered. The treated water is then recirculated through the remaining sand filters for further treatment before being discharged into a drain field or discharge area.

4. Benefits of an Engineered Septic System

There are several benefits to using an engineered septic system over a conventional septic system. Some of the most notable benefits include:

• Improved treatment and filtration of wastewater, which can help to protect the environment and public health.
• Reduced risk of groundwater contamination and soil compaction, which can occur with conventional septic systems.
• Flexibility in system design and installation, which allows for customized solutions for different types of properties and soil conditions.
• Lower maintenance requirements and longer lifespan compared to conventional septic systems.

5. Factors to Consider Before Installing an Engineered Septic System

Before installing an engineered septic system, there are several factors to consider. Some of the most important factors include:

• Soil type and drainage conditions on the property.
• Local regulations and permitting requirements for septic systems.
• Available space and topography of the property.
• Water usage and household size.
• Maintenance requirements and cost of the system.

6. Maintenance Requirements for Engineered Septic Systems

While engineered septic systems require less maintenance than conventional septic systems, they still require regular inspection and maintenance to ensure proper functioning. Some of the most common maintenance tasks for engineered septic systems include:

• Regular pumping of the septic tank to remove solid waste and prevent buildup.
• Inspecting and cleaning the treatment unit components, such as sand filters or aerators.
• Monitoring the system for leaks or malfunctions.
• Following proper water usage and disposal practices to prevent system overload.

7. Common Misconceptions About Engineered Septic Systems

There are several misconceptions about engineered septic systems that can lead to confusion or misinformation. Some of the most common misconceptions include:

• Engineered septic systems are more expensive than conventional septic systems.
• Engineered septic systems are only necessary for large or commercial properties.
• Engineered septic systems require more maintenance than conventional septic systems.
• Engineered septic systems are less reliable than conventional septic systems.

8. Cost Comparison: Engineered vs. Conventional Septic Systems

While the cost of an engineered septic system can vary depending on the specific design and installation requirements, they generally cost more upfront than conventional septic systems. However, the longer lifespan and lower maintenance requirements of engineered septic systems can often make them more cost-effective in the long run.

9. Choosing the Right Septic System for Your Property

Choosing the right septic system for your property depends on several factors, including soil conditions, water usage, and local regulations. Before making a decision, it is important to consult with a licensed septic system installer or engineer who can assess your property and recommend the best option.

10. Conclusion

Engineered septic systems offer many benefits over conventional septic systems, including improved treatment and filtration of wastewater, reduced risk of contamination, and longer lifespan. While they may be more expensive upfront, the lower maintenance requirements and cost-effectiveness in the long run make them a viable option for many properties.

11. FAQs

1. Are engineered septic systems more expensive than conventional septic systems?
2. Yes, engineered septic systems generally cost more upfront, but can be more cost-effective in the long run.
3. Do engineered septic systems require more maintenance than conventional septic systems?
4. No, engineered septic systems require less maintenance than conventional septic systems.
5. Can I install an engineered septic system on any property?
6. No, the feasibility of an engineered septic system depends on soil conditions, water usage, and local regulations.
7. How long does an engineered septic system last?
8. With proper maintenance, an engineered septic system can last up to 20-30 years or longer.
9. Are engineered septic systems better for the environment?
10. Yes, engineered septic systems offer improved treatment and filtration of wastewater, which can help to protect the environment and public health.